Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by elevated levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood, a state known as hyperglycemia. This occurs when the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or doesn’t respond effectively to it. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels.
The two main forms of diabetes are Type 1, which is caused by the body’s inability to produce insulin due to the loss of insulin-secreting beta cells in the pancreas, and Type 2, which results from a combination of insulin resistance—when the body’s cells (especially in the liver, muscle, and fat) don’t respond properly to insulin—and/or reduced insulin production by the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease worldwide, and its prevalence continues to rise. It is caused by a combination of genetic factors (such as a family history of diabetes) and lifestyle factors including a sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits.
The official classification includes:
- Type 1 Diabetes
Caused by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This may be autoimmune or idiopathic in origin, leading to an absolute insulin deficiency.
- Type 2 Diabetes
Characterized by a progressive decline in insulin secretion, typically developing on a background of insulin resistance.
- Other Specific Types of Diabetes
These include diabetes caused by genetic defects in beta-cell function or insulin action, diseases affecting the exocrine pancreas, and diabetes induced by certain medications or chemical agents.
- Gestational Diabetes
A form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy.
The Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases
At MultiMedica, our facilities across Lombardy are recognized for a multidisciplinary approach to diabetes and metabolic disease management. Our team of physicians, nurses, and dietitians provides specialized care through dedicated clinics offering innovative therapies for Type 1 and 2 diabetes,and gestational diabetes. We integrate the latest technological advancements in treatment and monitoring to ensure the highest quality of care. Our team collaborates closely with specialists in the prevention and management of complications through coordinated care pathways that follow the latest clinical guidelines. These include the Diabetic Foot Unit, outpatient clinics for dysplidemia, as well as specialized services in cardiology, nephrology and ophthalmology. As an IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Healthcare), MultiMedica also serves as an active site for clinical research focused on advancing treatment and knowledge in metabolic diseases.
